前两讲(Analyze an Issue的第1、2讲)，我们学习了GRE写作中Analyze an Issue任务中最常见的一种指令：

　　Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

　　接下来两讲，我们看第二种指令：

　　Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position.

　　这个指令，与第1种指令的区别在于：

　　* 这个指令要求我们走到我们的反方去，充分理解我们的反方。

　　* 在认识到我们反方的想法和理由之后，以知己知彼的方式论证我们自己的立场。

　　我们以一个题目为例：

　　The best way to solve environmental problems caused by consumer-generated waste is for towns and cities to impose strict limits on the amount of trash they will accept from each household.

　　就这个statement，老师的立场为：【Disagree】，并且写了一个作文的梗概，如下：

　　[Introduction]

　　The statement is utterly wrong. It is wrong mainly in two way as it fails to find the real culprit and chooses a way that is excess.

　　【本段解析】

　　开头段落没有什么特别之处，就是按部就班来就好。

　　其实，如果可以两句话说清楚，就也不用抓耳挠腮、绞尽脑汁想太多。

　　[Body Para. 1]

　　The statement may be right about the producer of the domestic refuse to some extent. Admittedly, it is those households that purchase the consumer products, and it is also those people who dispose of the waste. There is no denying that consumption of goods is one major source from which the waste is generated especially in countries where consumerism and materialism is prevailing. And unfortunately, such countries are not a small minority worldwide. Also, there exists a considerable number of people who use things in a wasteful and disposable way, and they toss a lot of rubbish, greater than the reasonable amount. However, if we think in the reversed way, over-packaging, poor durability, as well as excessive usage of material in goods are the critical issues. Blah blah blah …

　　【本段解析】

　　划线部分的内容很关键，是应对这个指令的必要内容，是“走到我们的反方去”，是“知彼”。这个“知彼”的讨论要充分。

　　然后我们再去反驳。反驳的时候要注意：要有针对性，要去针对反方观点在这个方面的漏洞去反驳，比如这一段：归咎于消费者的直接反面是甩锅给生产商。

　　[Body Para. 2]

　　论证思路：探讨“方式”。

　　People agreeing with this statement believes that restrictive policies or regulations would be powerful. This underlying idea is legitimate to a certain degree. In most societies, the government has the authority to regulate people’s behavior, perhaps including the amount of trash households are allowed to toss. People have the fears that they would be fined if they misbehave. However, the statement actually represents a nanny-state policy, and the restriction in response to such a triviality as the amount of trash accepted from each household seems unwise. Blah blah blah …

　　【本段解析】

　　同上一段，本段一开始的划线部分很关键。

　　老师再次强调：“走到我们的反方去”，并且讨论足够充分，不要浮光掠影或者轻描淡写，当然也不要长篇累牍或者喧宾夺主。

　　然后，我们再去反驳。我们再次强调：反驳的时候要有针对性，要去针对反方观点在这个方面的漏洞去反驳。

　　比如这一段：指望国家法令来管这个事情的反面是这点小事都要国家法令来管显得幼稚了。

　　[Conclusion]

　　The statement points a finger at the wrong people—the most innocent and most incapable ones in the matter of trash. In fact, it is already late when the problem has reached each average household. Also, the measure—to impose a limit—is excess since we are dealing with a rather small issue.

　　【本段解析】

　　简要总结主体部分的两个段落的核心内容，也没什么特别的，当然，也不需要什么特别的。