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【GRE写作】Argument 精选真题范文(四十四)

2021-02-03 15:22     作者 :    

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上一期【GRE写作】Argument 精选真题范文(四十三),我们讲到在措辞的时候突出逻辑疑点的类型,并且给出了5个例子,我们今天继续给出老师的参考答案3例来看看如果做到这个关键点。


今天的3例,都是基于下面这个passage:


The following appeared in a memo from a vice president of a large, highly diversified company.


"Ten years ago, our company had two new office buildings constructed as regional headquarters for two regions. The buildings were erected by different construction companies — Alpha and Zeta. Although the two buildings had identical floor plans, the building constructed by Zeta cost 30 percent more to build. However, that building's expenses for maintenance last year were only half those of Alpha's. In addition, the energy consumption of the Zeta building has been lower than that of the Alpha building every year since its construction. Given these data, plus the fact that Zeta has a stable workforce with little employee turnover, we recommend using Zeta rather than Alpha for our new building project, even though Alpha's bid promises lower construction costs."


Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.



例六:回应“what questions would need to be answered”指令,并且是在讨论“它因”这类逻辑疑点。


Another question that is critical to the logic is regarding the reasons for Zeta’s lower cost of construction, and Zeta buildings’ lower expenses for maintenance and lower energy consumption. Although the author suggests that it is because Zeta has better expertise that Zeta has those achievements, there may be other reasons for all of those lower costs. For example, the differences between the two companies’ building materials that are essentially needed; climatic conditions, such as weather, humidity, and temperatures, that are favorable for making savings in maintenance; the frugal habit of using utility of people working in Zeta’s building, or their shorter office hours.


* 高亮部分回应指令要求。

* 下划线部分回应逻辑疑点的类型。


例七:回应“what questions would need to be answered”指令,并且是在讨论“偶然性”这类逻辑疑点。


A question to be answered is whether Zeta building’s lower expenses for maintenance happens last year alone. In other words, last year’s lower expenses may be a fortuitouscase rather than a repeated or long-term situation. To elaborate, last year may have seen a number of non-permanent situations that allowed the Zeta building to spend less on its maintenance. To name one as an example, materials needed to maintain the Zeta building happened to cost less last year.


* 高亮部分回应指令要求。

* 下划线部分回应逻辑疑点的类型。



※ 例八(值得特别注意):


回应“what questions would need to be answered”指令,并且是在“偷换概念”这类逻辑疑点。


This is the final question: is having a stable workforce necessarily an advantage? Apparently, the author thinks so. However, the situation may be that Zeta has many inferior workers who do not leave the company or get fired, and in this case, the stability of Zeta’s workforce is not advantageous but instead disadvantageous.


* 高亮部分当然还是回应指令要求。

* 怎么没有下划线部分?那怎么回应逻辑疑点的类型?



大家自己琢磨一下,我们在讨论偷换概念这一类型的逻辑疑点的时候,就是去质疑作者建立的“等于”关系。也就是说,作者误认为A“就是”B或者A“等于”B,而我们的质疑的是A并不一定等于B。我们在措辞上凸显这一类逻辑疑点的时候,关键就在于“not”的使用(不论是be not / not be 还是do not / does not 或者have not,总之,“not”)。依然对此类逻辑疑点的分析不解?留意下一讲,我们会进一步解释。


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