arid—— Lacking moisture， especiallyshavingsinsufficient rainfall to support trees or woody plants干旱的缺乏水分=dry

　　aptly—— Exactly suitable; appropriately合适的=appropriately

　　approach—— To come near or nearer， as in space or time接近靠近=near

　　appeal—— The power of attracting or of arousing interest吸引力=attraction

　　apart from—— With the exception of; besides除…外;除…外还=except for

　　anonymous——shavingsan unknown or unacknowledged name匿名的=unknown

　　annually—— Recurring， done， or performed every year; yearly每年的=yearly

　　annihilate—— To defeat decisively; vanquish战胜=conquer To defeat or subdue by force， especially by force of arms征服

　　alloy—— To combine; mix融合;混合=blend， mix

　　altitude—— The height of a thing above a reference level， especially above sea level or above the earth's surface高度=elevation

　　affluent—— Generously supplied with money， property， or possessions; prosperous or rich富裕的=wealthy

　　afflict—— To inflict grievous physical or mental suffering on折磨=problem

　　affect—— To have or show a liking for喜欢=fondness

　　aesthetically—— Artistically有艺术的，在艺术上的=artistically

　　adverse—— Acting or serving to oppose; antagonistic敌对的=oppose， ill

　　adversely—— harmfully or unfavorable有害的或不利的=negatively Marked by or exhibiting features， such as hostility， that cannot be deemed positive or constructive反面的

　　advocate—— One that argues for a cause; a supporter or defender支持者或保护者=proponent To speak， plead， or argue in favor of拥护演说=urge， preach

　　adorn—— To lend beauty to; decorate使美观为…增添美;装饰=decorate

　　adopt—— To take on or assume采取采用或接受=take on

　　brilliance—— The state or quality of being brilliant光辉=radiant

　　boundary—— Something that indicates a border or limit边界=dividing line

　　breach—— A violation or infraction， as of a law， a legal obligation， or a promise破坏，违犯=violation

　　boost—— To increase; raise增加;拔高;To raise or lift by pushing up from behind or below推、举=raise

　　blend—— To combine (varieties or grades) to obtain a mixture of a particular character， quality， or consistency把…掺在一起混合=combine， mix

　　bizarre—— Strikingly unconventional and far-fetched in style or appearance; odd古怪的=odd

　　bias—— A preference or an inclination， especially one that inhibits impartial judgment偏见=prejudice

　　beam—— A ray or shaft of light光柱，光束=ray

　　be characterized by——distinguish

　　barren—— Lacking vegetation， especially useful vegetation不毛的=infertile

　　balmy—— Mild and pleasant温和的=mild

　　comprise—— To consist of; be composed of由…构成=consist of ，make up

　　conception—— Something conceived in the mind; a concept， plan， design， idea， or thought概念、计划、设计或思想=notion A mental image or representation; an idea or conception心理形象或象征;想法或构思

　　composed of ——To create or produce (a literary or musical piece)创作或制作=create

　　component—— A constituent element， as of a system组成要素=element， part