1)　BUT题型。这类题型在托福题中层出不穷，基本每一套托福题中都会有三、四、五道不等，这类题型解题关键是努力听懂but 后面的东西，因为这个地方永远是考点。对一般考生而言，让他将所有的东西都听出来不大可能，因为实力不够。但若是让他听出其中的一点，那就没什么问题。而but 恰恰就是这样一个标志，听见but就该使劲了，一使劲问题也就解决了。试看几例：

 

a) Does this music bother your studying, Pam?

 

Actually I’m not studying any more, but I’m trying to sleep. (2000 年1月第23题)

 

b) Gee, Tom, I hear that you are working as a house painter this summer. It’s got to be awfully hot working up there on a ladder in the blazing sun all day.

 

Well, it’s hard work, but I get to be outdoors and the pay is decent. (2000 年1月第9题)

 

c) I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.

 

I know what you mean. But check out the cost of renting an apartment first, I wouldn’t be surprised if you changed your mind. (2000 年1月第30题)

 

2)　对一般疑问句回答题型。该类题型在托福听力中不断涌现。一般疑问句在英文中又被叫作Yes or No question，这是因为对这类问题的回答只有两种可能性，要么是yes, 要么是no, 此外别无选择。在实际做题时，此类题型的解题方法和技巧非常简单，那就是如果你听不懂第二个人说的话，你就按照否定人的问题去回答，于是你就会得到正确的答案。我常举这样一例：

 

A: I need to see a dermatologist. You are familiar with Dr. Smith. Do you recommend her?

 

B: I have been seen by her a few times, and the best I can say for her is she has some interesting magazines in her waiting room.

 

此句是九五年八月改题之后的一套题的第三十题，事实证明这一点的确很难，要想解决该题，很多同学的实力都达不到。但如果你能运用该题型的技巧，也就是：在对一般疑问句进行回答时，第二人说的话听不懂，只要否定掉就可以的话，你仍然可以得到正确的答案。这种感觉真是让人喜出望外。看看这道题的四个选项，找一找这样的感觉吧!

 

讲了半天，可能同学还是没有认识到这个题型的重要性。事实上，这种题型还可以进一步推广，即当人除了说一个一般疑问句之外，还可以说出一个观点，一个建议，如果第二人说的话，你还是觉得不识庐山真面目时，不妨也采用这样的做题方法。

 

此类题型的例句举不胜举，再看几例，体会体会：

 

a) Did you meet the new teacher yesterday?

 

I’ve been sick for 3 days.

 

b) Have you read this month’s issue of Inquiry?

 

What journal is that?

 

c) Did you ask Shirley to go to the dance with you?

 

She is away at a conference until tomorrow.

 

d) Were you able to get your own locker at the Gym?

 

They’re temporarily out of them. I’ve to check again next week.

 

e) Do you think Janet will spend a week in the country with us?

 

Only if she can tear herself away from her books.

 

f) Should I buy this exercise record for Linda for her birthday?

 

She already has the cassette.

 

g) Will you come to my poetry reading next week?

 

I’ll be out of town then.

 

h) Have you heard who won the election?

 

I missed the news and haven’t had time to read the paper.

 

3) 语气题型。语气题型的重要性不需要我来强调，对托福有一定了解和认识的同学，自己一定有深刻的体会。一套托福题中，通常会出现一个纯粹的语气题。所谓纯粹的语气题，就是如若语气不能很好把握的话，一般来讲，做对这道题是有困难的。例如：

 

I’ve heard just one person got an A on the test. You!

 

All right!

 

此处，all right的语气如听不出来，会影响你的做题。考生可以对照磁带，仔细体会。再如：

 

I must admit that since I started the exercises I’ve been feeling less tired.

 

What did I tell you?

 

第二人特得意的语气不可以听不出来。

 

此外重读的变化，也会影响整个句子的意思，试举两例说明：

 

He hasn’t seen his parents four years!

 

He hasn’t seen his parents for years!

 

黑体部分是重读的词，句的意思是“他已经四年没有看到他父母了”。而第二句是“他已经多年没有看到他父母了。”重读不一样，意思自然不一样。

 

托福听力里听到的东西永远是说出来的东西，事实上每一句话都是带有语气的。只不过有些语气不是很明显，你不容易察觉罢了。而一套托福听力题里总会有很多这样的题，它们本身有自己的考点，但如果同学能够很好地体会、掌握它们的语气的话，一定会在做题过程中收益匪浅。

 

4) 虚拟语气题型。又是一个托福听力必考题型。据科学的统计，每一套托福题中，必有两至三道虚拟语气题型。在托福听力中，考生需掌握以下几种常见的虚拟语气：