2019年1月17日

　　雅思大作文题目

　　人们浪费食物的原因及解决办法？

　　“Nowadays in some countries, people waste a lot of food that was bought from shops and restaurants. Why do people waste food? What can be done to reduce the amount of food they throw away?”

　　

 

　　解析&审题

　　雅思考试题目大多与我们的生活话题相关，事实上雅思写作也就是要求考生能对日常生活话题进行富有逻辑的讨论，并做到语言正确，观点明确，因此切题、观点、语言是雅思大作文的三大核心。

　　本题涉及的现象是我们在商店或者餐馆里买来很多食物，然后又无法吃完，于是大量浪费食物。题目要求我们讨论这里面的原因，并提出解决办法。稍微考虑一下，我们就可以发现一些原因，并按照某种顺序把这些原因排列起来：

　　1. 人们有钱了，扔掉一些食物经济上没有问题；

　　2. 从健康着想，很多人会毫不犹疑地扔掉那些可能过期的食物；

　　3. 很多人已经养成了随意扔掉食物的习惯。

　　我们可能还可以想到其他一些原因，但其实这三个已经足够了。至于解决办法，无非是建议人们不要过多购买食物，同时改变扔食物的习惯。

 

 

　　老师笔记

　　01

　　Nowadays people throw away tons of uneaten or unwanted food bought from stores and restaurants. It is easy to understand thecauses of this food waste; however, it is difficult to change consumer behavior in the developed world.

　　如今，人们扔掉很多从商店和餐馆购买未食用或不需要的食物。很容易理解造成这种食物浪费的原因；然而，在发达国家改变消费者行为是很困难的。

　　解析

　　(1) 开头简洁地提出现象，并亮出观点：找到原因很容易，找到解决办法很困难。

　　(2) throw away 扔掉

　　(3) tons of…成吨的……; 很多的……

　　(4) the cause of… ……的原因。注意这个cause后面是跟of，而如果使用reason，后面的介词则是for。很多同学都在这里混淆了。

　　(5) consumer behavior 消费者行为

 

 

　　02

　　Several factors contribute to food waste from the food-service industry outlets. Firstly, consumers seem to be willinglyresponsible for wasting a lot of food because they can afford tobuy more than they can consume and throw away whatever food they do not need. Secondly, speaking of health risks, many well-to-do people would rather be safe than sorry, so they choose to discard food, thinking that older food and food that is past itsexpiry date would make them sick. Finally, even if the majority of consumers know that food waste is a problem, they are toostubborn to change the habit. As a result, nearly all excess food on the plate would go to the waste.

　　有几个因素导致了食品服务业网点的食品浪费。首先，消费者似乎愿意为浪费大量食物负责任，因为他们买得起比他们能消费更多的食物，也有能力扔掉他们不需要的任何食物。第二，说到健康风险，许多富裕的人宁愿安全也不愿后悔，所以他们选择丢弃食物，认为放久的食物和过期的食物会使他们生病。最后，即使大多数消费者知道食物浪费是一个问题，他们也太顽固，无法改变习惯。结果，盘子里几乎所有多余的食物都会被浪费掉。

 

　　解析

　　（1） 本段论述人们为什么扔掉食物的原因：有经济能力、健康因素、习惯。这三个原因从简单到复杂，从具体到抽象，体现出了一定的逻辑顺序。

　　（2） contribute to… 为……做贡献

　　（3） outlet 网点；出口

　　（4） be responsible for… 为……负责

　　（5） afford to do… 有能力做……

　　（6） well-to-do people 富有的人

　　（7） discard 扔掉

　　（8） expiry date 失效期

　　（9） stubborn 顽固的

 

 

　　03

　　Any possible answer to the food-waste problem willinvolve changes in consumer behavior. People canimplement small changes that make a big difference in the amount of food they throw away. Toward that end, the initial step is to ensure that food is eaten by humans. Failing that, the next step is to feed it to farm animals. But donating waste food to the people in hunger is not allowed by the government due to food-risk considerations. That risk, however insignificant, means that when choosing between giving away and throwing away, the least risky choice is the latter.

　　任何解决食物浪费问题的方法都将涉及消费者行为的改变。人们可以实施一些小的改变，这些改变会对他们扔掉的食物数量带来大的变化。为此，The first步是确保食物被人类食用。如果不能做到这一点，下一步就是把它们喂给家畜。但是，由于食品风险的考虑，政府不允许向饥饿的人们捐赠不用的食品。这种风险，无论多么微不足道，意味着在捐赠和扔掉之间做出选择时，风险最小的选择是后者。

 

　　解析

　　（1） 本段论述解决问题的办法。值得一提的是，本段从正面论述之后，又从反面论述了一个看似有用但其实不现实的办法：即把食物捐赠给穷人，因为出于食物安全考虑，政府不允许这么做。

　　（2） involve 涉及；包含

　　（3） implement 实施

　　（4） make a big difference 带来区别；带来大的变化

　　（5） initial 首要的

　　（6） insignificant 不重要的

 

　　04

　　Despite the fact that wasting food is wrong, often it is easier for people to do the wrong thing. Ironically, while the realities of food waste today are becoming more evident than ever, wasting food is widely accepted. The old habits of throwing away food die hard.

　　尽管浪费食物是错误的，但人们往往更容易做错事。具有讽刺意味的是，尽管今天的食物浪费现象比以往任何时候都更加明显，但浪费食物却被广泛接受。扔掉食物的旧习惯很难改掉。

　　解析

　　（1） 结尾重申食物浪费很难得到改正的理由。

　　（2） despite the fact that… 尽管……

　　（3） ironically 讽刺地

　　（4） evident 明显的

　　（5） die hard 很难消灭，死而不僵

 

 

　　7分范文

　　Nowadays people throw away tons of uneaten or unwanted food bought from stores and restaurants. It is easy to understand the causes of this food waste; however, it is difficult to change consumer behavior in the developed world.

　　Several factors contribute to food waste from the food-service industry outlets. Firstly, consumers seem to be willingly responsible for wasting a lot of food because they can afford to buy more than they can consume and throw away whatever food they do not need. Secondly, speaking of health risks, many well-to-do people would rather be safe than sorry, so they choose to discard food, thinking that older food and food that is past its expiry date would make them sick. Finally, even if the majority of consumers know that food waste is a problem, they are too stubborn to change the habit. As a result, nearly all excess food on the plate would go to the waste.

　　Any possible answer to the food-waste problem will involve changes in consumer behavior. People can implement small changes that make a big difference in the amount of food they throw away. Toward that end, the initial step is to ensure that food is eaten by humans. Failing that, the next step is to feed it to farm animals. But donating waste food to the people in hunger is not allowed by the government due to food-risk considerations. That risk, however insignificant, means that when choosing between giving away and throwing away, the least risky choice is the latter.

　　Despite the fact that wasting food is wrong, often it is easier for people to do the wrong thing. Ironically, while the realities of food waste today are becoming more evident than ever, wasting food is widely accepted. The old habits of throwing away food die hard.

　　(300 words)

　　建议背诵的句子

　　1．It is easy to understand the causes of this food waste; however, it is difficult to change consumer behavior in the developed world.

　　很容易理解造成这种食物浪费的原因；然而，在发达国家改变消费者行为是很困难的。

　　2．Firstly, consumers seem to be willingly responsible for wasting a lot of food because they can afford to buy more than they can consume and throw away whatever food they do not need.

　　首先，消费者似乎愿意为浪费大量食物负责任，因为他们买得起比他们能消费更多的食物，也有能力扔掉他们不需要的任何食物。

　　3．Secondly, speaking of health risks, many well-to-do people would rather be safe than sorry, so they choose todiscard food, thinking that older food and food that is past itsexpiry date would make them sick.

　　第二，说到健康风险，许多富裕的人宁愿安全也不愿后悔，所以他们选择丢弃食物，认为放久的食物和过期的食物会使他们生病。

　　4．Any possible answer to the food-waste problem willinvolve changes in consumer behavior.

　　任何解决食物浪费问题的方法都将涉及消费者行为的改变。

　　5．Ironically, while the realities of food waste today are becoming more evident than ever, wasting food is widely accepted. The old habits of throwing away food die hard.

　　具有讽刺意味的是，尽管今天的食物浪费现象比以往任何时候都更加明显，但浪费食物却被广泛接受。扔掉食物的旧习惯很难改掉。