雅思阅读高分必备关系词
2014-05-30 11:30 供稿单位: 青岛新航道 原创作者:马克刚
出国英语考试有哪些 雅思6.5是什么水平 雅思阅读评分标准 托福阅读评分标准 雅思和托福的区别
关系词承接着阅读作者的思维逻辑,如果能很好的把握住阅读中出现的关系词,势必对全文的宏观把握非常的有帮助,在此,我们总结阅读中常出现的8个信号词,通过信号词帮助你把1000+的一篇文章化繁为简,因为阅读其实就是个化繁为简的过程,你准备好了吗?我们结合剑桥真题分析。
一、顺接和递进
例词:also, furthermore, moreover, what is more, in addition…
考点:And Western scientists are starting to draw on this wisdom… (C6, P28, Q31找标题)解析:And在这句话开头,有一定的递进含义,this wisdom则是指代了前面一句话出现的their wealth of traditional knowledge(因纽特人传统的知识),所以这两句话有紧密的联系,同学们在读题的时候要通过发现信号词,然后发散地看它的前后句,把考点考察的 意思补充完整。
二、对比和转折
例词:however, but, although, nevertheless, on the other hand, by comparison, while,unfortunately,unluckily
考点:But such projects must be built to higher specifications and with more accountability to local people and their environment than in the past. (C7 P24 一段倒数第四行Q20)解题:此题是段落大意配对题,在确定H段段落大意时,段落中间but之后出现的那句话就是解题的关键,根据句子中出现的两个比较级,可以确定答案应该为X The need to raise standards.
三、相似
例词:similarly. in other words, that is, put another way, as …
考点: Thus, we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes as sighted people do.(C4, P28, Q40)解析:题目考的是对文章的总结。因此解题时重点看文章中表示结论的句子,thus这个单词给了我们提示,而句子中的as…do表达的是一个相似的逻辑,因此答案可以确定为B。
四、排列次序
例词:firstly, second, another, the second, the most, the best,next, then, now, later, since, eventually, finally…
考点:First mechanization, then mass use of chemical fertilizer and pesticides, then monocultures,then battery rearing of livestock,and now genetic engineering – the onward marching of intensive farming has seemed unstoppable in the last half-century,as the yields of produce have soared. (C7, P44, Q15)解析:段首句连用表示次序的信号词,first, then, then… and now, 体现发展的不同阶段。(the stages of development of farming industry C7 P77 选择配对)
五、强调作用
例词:in fact, in essence, in particular, emphasize…
考点:This, in essence, is the problem of modern sociobiology- to discover the degree to which hard-wired genetic programming dictates… (C5, P21, Q18 信息包含题)解析:信息包含题考察细节是在哪个段落出现,在做此类题目时,要注意信号词与考点的密切相关性,从而迅速找准答案。这里出现了in essence(实质上),起了一定的强调作用,迅速扫读后,发现同时出现了题目关键词sociobiology, 破折号后面的介词to表目的,与题目中的the general aim of一致对应。
六、级、比较级
例词:–est, most, best, more, better, superior, inferior, preferable, exclusively, extremely.。。
考点:Making a rapid emotional assessment of the events of the moment is an extremely demanding job for the brain, animal or human. (C5, P44, Q24)解析:题目中出现了级the most difficult tasks, 因此在原文中也应该相应的出现级。除了明显的the most, -est, 还有些单词本身也含有级的含义,比如extremely, exclusively, superficially, 文中的这个extremely demanding对应的就是题目中的级,所以答案也确定。
七、因果关系
例词:as, because, since, lead to, as a result, result in, consequently, therefore, thus, the caused of…
考点:Until recently, not much was known about the topic, and little help was available to teachers to deal with bullying. Perhaps as a consequence, schools would often deny the problem.(C6, P94, Q33)解题:题目问的是学校否认问题反应了什么,就是这个现象的根本原因。因此原文中consequence就给解题提供了信息,根据consequence之前的一句话就可以将答案找到。
八、举例子和说明
例词:for example, for instance, that is to say, i.e., such as, including…
考点:Other substances were then introduced: including fillers, such as woodflour, asbestos or cotton… (C5, P39, Q5 流程图)解析:我们看到such as后面是举例子,such as后面的例子可以作为定位词,woodflour, asbestos, cotton就是fillers的其中一种。Fillers在这里就是一个概括性的词语,常常是考点。
以上就是今天我们介绍的阅读中有用的信号词, 希望大家在以后的做题中灵活运用,举一反三,最终变成自己驾驭雅思阅读的一个杀手锏.
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