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托福独立写作题型:通过对公布的独立写作185练习题和备考资料的研究,我们发现,托福独立写作题型方面有一定的共性。
公布的185练习题的题目和近几年的托福网考练习题,除了话题上的共性外,在问题模式也可以归为固定的几类问题模式。
托福独立写作问题模式:
1.描述解释型
2.二选一型
3.比较对比型
其中二选一型题型是当前考试的重点,最值得关注。主要包括两种形式:
1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
2. Which opinion do you prefer?
1) 概念判断
判断一道题是否属于“二选一型”,可以看题目中是否包含下列词汇:agree or disagree, prefer, which is better, recommend等。例如:
1. (39题)
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? With the help of technol**y, students nowadays can learn more information and learn it more quickly. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
2. (129题)
A university plans to develop a new research center in your country. Some people want a center for business research. Other people want a center for research in agriculture. Which of these two kinds of research centers do you recommend for your country? Use specific reasons in your recommendation.
3. (184题)
Some students prefer to study alone. Others prefer to study with a group of students. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
2) 对应结构分析
单边论证
熟悉了问题模式后,我们来分析一下其所对应的文章结构。以上五种问题模式,考生一般较熟悉的是Do you agree or disagree?和 What is your opinion?这两类问题。而通常这两类问题所对应的文章可以用以下的五段论结构来完成:引言段(introduction)提出观点,正文(body)三段通过三个理由来对观点进行论证,结尾段(conclusion)重申一下自己的观点。因为此种结构只对自己支持的观点进行论证,因此叫单边论证,可以这样表示:
段:引言
1. 背景陈述
2. 给出自己的观点
第二段:支持理由点
1. 分论点一(段落主题句)
2. 例证一(论证过程)
第三段:支持理由第二点
1. 分论点二(段落主题句)
2. 例证二(论证过程)
第四段:支持理由点
1. 分论点三(段落主题句)
2. 例证三(论证过程)
第五段: 结论
1. 重申自己的观点
2. 总结几个分论点
对应的英文文章结构如下所示:
Paragraph 1: Introduction
Background + my opinion