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对于托福听力,普遍有考生反映听力听不懂,经常会出现听完题目,不知道如何答题。所以,对于听力素材的把握,显得特别关键。找到听力题型的出题方式,高频词汇,把握解题技巧,不但能节约时间,而且可以提高我们的正确率。在这里,小编就给大家分享一下托福听力考前必看的听力素材及题型讲解。
一 托福听力五大题型
1. 主旨题
(1) 提问方式
a) What problem does the man have?
b) What are the speakers mainly discussing? c) What is the main topic of the lecture? d) What is the lecture mainly about?
e) What aspect of X does the professor mainly discuss? f) Why does the student visit the professor?
g) Why does the student visit the registrar’s office? h) Why did the professor ask to see the student? i) Why does the professor explain X? (2) 笔记技巧
无笔记,通过整体感知提炼主旨,相信第1印象 (3) 答题原则
a) 注意干扰选项特征:不精确、不相关、太宽泛、太具体 b) 注意对话中的一致性问题,区分内容与目的 c) 注意对话双方目的不同
2. 细节题
(1) 提问方式
a) According to the professor, what is one way that X can affect Y?
b) According to the professor, what is the main problem with the X theory? 、
c) What is X?
d) What resulted from the invention of X? (2) 笔记技巧
a) 六大要点:程序procedures、定义definitions、举例examples、原因和影响
causes and effects(罗列不需记)、问题和回答questions and answers、赞成和反对pros and cons
b) 多次出现的词要记 c) 注意否定词 (3) 答题原则
a) 注意干扰选项特征:相似表达但不完全一致、相同词汇但表达意思不同、
与原文相矛盾、原文未提及
b) 无法确定的则选择与主题的选项
3. 重听题
(1) 提问方式
a) What does the professor imply when he says this? b) What is the purpose of the woman’s response?
c) What can be inferred from the professor’s response to the student? d) Why does the student say this?
e) What can be inferred about the student when she says this? f) What does the woman mean when she says this? (2) 笔记技巧
重听时无需做笔记
(3) 答题原则
a) 重听开始前先迅速扫读选项,并作出预测 b) 第二遍最关键
c) 理解说话人的真实意图而不仅仅只是字面意思
(4) 习语俗语
a) Tell me about it! 那还用说!(表示强烈赞同) b) You name it! 不再讨论其他的了
That sort of thing, you see? To name just a few. The list goes on.
c) Put it together 表示总结
All in all In a nutshell
d) I don’t know about that. 表示委婉拒绝 e) I think you get the picture. 你懂的。 f) Get ahead of 到„之前
g) Off the top of my head 想到什么就说什么
4. 表格题
(1) 提问方式
a) 排序 b) 判断正误 c) 平行/分类
(2) 笔记技巧
a) 注意标记事物发展顺序,特别是有first、besides、finally等连接词的部分 b) 注意记录否定词
d) 注意平行结构要使用双栏式记录方式 e) 注意分类结构要留足空处进行记录 (3) 答题原则
a) 未记下的信息可根据常识进行判断,但尽量以笔记为准 b) 选项数量分配基本一致
5. 推断题
(1) 提问方式
a) What can be inferred about the student? b) What is the professor’s attitude toward X? c) What is the professor’s opinion of X? d) What does the professor imply about X? e) What will the student probably do next? f) What can be inferred about X?
(2) 笔记技巧
a) 注意标记句子的内涵和说话人语气,多为v. adj. adv. b) 六大要点:与细节题相同
二 托福听力考试得高分的技巧
听力2个对话4个演讲
包含两个对话,每个对话涉及2个或2个以上的说话者,每个对话对应5道试题。
包含4段演讲(包括教室对话在内),每段演讲对应6道试题
听力部分共包括34道试题。每道试题是1-2分,共34-36分。
听力部分的时间大约是40分钟。每个对话是2-3分钟,每个演讲是4-6分钟。
考生可以在听录音的过程中做笔记帮助答题。
托福听力训练技巧:听写和跟读模仿
在平时的时候可以采取听写和跟读模仿来对基本实力进行提升。听写是为了彻彻底底的清除自己的听力盲点和死角。因为有时候我们平时在听完段子后总觉得自己没有问题,对段子懂了,可是发现当我们真正要把自己听到的东西写下来的时候却发现,原来自己有很多想当然的东西居然出现了问题。
托福听力训练技巧:练习听力基本功
所谓的基本实力就是要能听懂听力段子中的所讲的内容,基本实力的提高在于平时的积累。而考试技巧主要指对题型熟悉以及相应题型的出题点,这个可以在短时间里面得到很好的训练和提升。
三 听力题目中遇到的租房高频词汇
land/lord, land/lady
types dormitory hostel hotel flat,bedsitters
surroundings rural areas, suburb, downtown
rooms single room, double bedroom, bathroom, kitchen,balcony
facilities shower, central heater(ing), radiators, refrigerator
bed central air-conditioning(中央空调)。
electric stores(电炉),radiators(暖气)
ectricity,utensil(器具、用具、家庭用具)
facilities in bed bed linen, spread(床罩),pillow, mattress, sheet, blanket, cushion
parts entrance hall(lobby, porch)
personal information
of boarders: pay weekly/monthly
lease, utilities, unfurnished/furnished,
blackout(停电) guests and hours
四 托福听力中出现的意思相近词汇
列举Enumeration:and, too, finally, furthermore, first(ly), second, third, last, another, next
补充Continuation:also, in addition, and,further, another, as well as
比较或反差Comparison or Contrast:
比较类like, likewise, as, similarly, at the same time,as well as, both, all,in comparison,
反差类 on the other hand,in contrast, despite,nevertheless,yet, instead,rather, notwithstanding,though, regardless, unlike,although, even though,whereas but, in spite of,on the contrary, however
时间顺序Time-Sequence:first, later, next, finally, before, after, now, previously, last, then, when, immediately, formerly, subsequently, presently, initially, ultimately meanwhile
五 托福听力热门场景之生活状态用语,如下:
1、If you don’t work hard today, you’ll try hard to look for a new job tomorrow.今天工作不努力,明天努力找工作。
2、Harry found a job in the company.哈利在这家公司找到了工作。Henry works with the bank.亨利在银行上班。
3、His parents lost their job, and his family couldn’t afford him to go to college.他的父母失业了,无法支持他上大学。
表示“失业”的说法还有:be laid off, get a pink note, be dismissed, be fired, be given the bush, be given the sack, be axed, give the boot, get canned等等。
4、Now John has decided to turn over a new leaf and go to school on time every day.现在约翰决定改过自新,每天准时上学。
5、We live on salary but can’t feed on it. We can’t get what we want in the faraway town.我们靠工资生活,但不能吃钞票。在这个偏僻的小镇我们就是买不到想要的东西。
6、The beggars lived by begging in the street.这些乞丐靠在街头乞讨为生。
7、Grandpa told me in the old days they lived a miserable life.祖父告诉我在旧社会他们过着悲惨的生活。
类似的说法有:live/lead a happy life(过着幸福的生活), live a dog’s life(过着牛马不如的生活), live a great life(生的伟大), live up to one’s expectation(不辜负某人的期望), live a lie(过着虚伪的生活)等。