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　　In sociology, the Matthew effect (or accumulated advantage) is the phenomenon where "the rich get richer and the poor get poorer". In both its original and typical usage it is meant metaphorically to refer to issues of fame or status but it may also be used literally to refer to cumulative advantage of economic capital. The term was first coined by sociologist Robert K. Merton in 1968 and takes its name from a line in the biblical Gospel of Matthew:

　　马太效应又称累积优势，是指一种“富人越富，穷人越穷”的现象。马太效应既可以用于名誉地位等引申含义的方面，也可以只经济资本的累积优势。“马太效应”一词是在1968年时，由社会学家罗伯特-莫顿提出的，其引用了《圣经·新约》中“马太福音”的一句：

　　For unto every one that hath shall be given, and he shall have abundance: but from him that hath not shall be taken even that which he hath.

　　凡有的，还要加给他叫他多余;没有的，连他所有的也要夺过来。

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