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说明:我们中国人学习英语的时间,从初中到大学,至少有10年的时间:按一周6个小时学习来计算,很多人已经学了2000-3000个小时!但是真正能流利使用英语甚至能正常进行日常英语交流的人数非常有限!如何让英语学以致用?下面就请听新航道为你出谋划策。
很多学生,不管是哪个年龄层,哪个学习阶段,都在烦恼“我为什么说不出或说不好英语”。基础基本是最初阶段的学生会想着怎么基本交流也说不出口;水平高一些的学生会质疑怎么就会那么几句;成都好的学生又要抱怨怎么跟外国人的沟通还是有障碍。从学生阶段走到现在的我也有过这样的烦恼,想来这也不是一个大难题。大家也都熟知,无非是记单词,练听力,练口语。可是真正因此练就出一口地道英语的却鲜见。然后,就招来学习者的质疑和不在意。其实,这个方法是完全正确的,只是所听所练的资料应该是什么样的,应该以什么样的态度来学习,来练习,来提高。
首先是关于学习资料。我们那一段资料来说明。
After receiving several suggestions from students about the transportation to school, we decided to organize a school ride-sharing program, in order to provide students living in the same area or community with a ride to school as a , means of shared transportation. Moreover, we believe carpooling will be good for students to save money from then rising cost of gas and bus fares. Please note that tis program is also an excellent means to protect the environment by reducing a great deal of pollution released from car emissions.
这一篇文章若为稍有水平的学生用来学习单词确实很好,但是背诵下来用以实际口语就相对来说欠缺下,没有实际的对话更能帮助输出句子。从而会出现,学了半天英语依然没法交流,学过的东西用不上。我们再看一段与上述资料有联系的对话。
Listening:
M: hello, dear, have you heard of the new policy about ride-sharing? We have to organize car-pools for transportation.
W: well, I support this new policy. Maybe it can be very helpful to some extent.
M: can you explain it a little bit? I don't get it.
W: have you noticed that ride-sharing is one of the most common and cost effective alternatives for students' transport? I mean, the cost of sharing a ride is cheaper than a taxi or other means of transportation, because the cost will be divided among members. The propram also helps lower the costs of gasoline or car operation since car-pooling needs few vehicles to transport students back and forth everyday. Isn't it great?
M: hmm, I can see your point. But other than costs, what else is it good for?
W: well, it helps protect our environment because fewer cars on the road also means less air pollution, including carbon emissions that contribute to climate change.
M: I haven't thought of that! Your words make a lot of sense to me.
这一段就相对来说是非常好的资料。既可以分析积累其中的单词句式,有可用来背诵以作为某次对话所需要的语料库。当然,这一段对话并不是的,所以我们还要输入很多其他方面的。但由此我们可以看出。一个比较好的把英语应用化的方法是积累一些实际场景中的对话会更好些。
使用场景可以从衣,食,住,行四个方面来分开整理。衣:商场挑衣服,颜色样式型号,折扣,不合适等等。食:菜品,点菜,订餐位,赞美,不满意,退菜等。住:房子样式,旅馆样式,预定旅馆,家具买卖,室内设计等。行:交通工具的订票退票,旅途中等。
这些都可以收集起来座位自己的语料资源用于真实情景中熟练应用。
同时另一种练习听力的方法。我个人认为还是一英语影视作品作为资源更好。首先它本身就是真实场景的的事情。有很多学生说,“老师,我看美剧,只看字幕了,练不了英语。”是,很多孩子都深入剧情,而忽视学习。而处于我们国内并没有充分的条件和环境让我们去足够的听他们讲话,那美剧则是的一条路径。首先它的连续性,美剧大多很多seasons,每个season里面又很多periods,这样就给我们提供足够的“学习资料”,不管是家里,还是路上都可以以一种轻松的心情来“听”外国人交谈。当然也不乏很多意义深刻的句子。让我们可以在学习语言的过程中领悟一些道理。
比如,我常爱看的desperate housewives 中的一段片尾结束语:
Every storm brings with it hope that somehow by morning, everything will be made clean again. And even the most troubling stains will have disappeared. Like the doubts over his innocence, or the consequence of his mistake, like the scars of his betrayal, or the memory of his kiss. So we wait for the storm to pass hoping for the best, even though we know in our hearts some stains are so indelible, nothing can wash them away.
“每随风暴而来的是希望——不论如何,到了早晨,一切都会变干净,即使最顽固的污点也会消失。像对清白的疑惑,错误的结果,背叛的创伤,亲吻的记忆。我们等待着风暴退却,期待着雨过天睛。即使我们清楚在心中,有些污点是如此顽固,没有什么能将它们清除。”
在这一小段独白中,橙色词是我锁具的一个关于/v/ ,/w/的发音例子。我们中国学生常犯错误就是这两个音不分,或差异不大。我个人在授课过程中给学生讲解的是/v/至少要做到上牙齿碰到下嘴唇,而且不要刻意去咬嘴唇。/w/与汉音“喔”的口型相似,但发音时要快速发音。在语句中本段对于这两个音的纠正有很大帮助。
其次是模仿,鉴于我们看美剧的途径都是通过网络,这就允许我们可以重复去欣赏学习某一集甚至某一句。这样就可以做到真实场景原句复读机一样模仿练习。模仿,既要对逐个词的发音掌握而且还要把整个句子的intonation拿捏到位,peak,low都可以体现在句子音调中。
再者就是如何做到自己说和让别人听懂。字面来看,似乎并不与美剧有何联系,实际上,让自己说,首先得有话说,而要有话说那就要做到脑中有料,这个“料”就可以通过美剧来积累大量的口语句子,短语,常用词。如此才可自然地流利的表达自己所思所想。“有料”后又加上长时间的浸泡于美语影剧中那自然可以做到既能照顾好pronunciation和intonation而又清晰的表达自己。
这一点是最容易可以在美剧中学到的,甚至是拿来就用的。
比如说我们要讲笑话,我深爱的美剧之一The Big Bang Theory中Sheldon 关于寻找宠物鸟主人那一段一直让我捧腹至今。通常我们会在招领启事上写上姓名地址好让宠物主人来认领,but our dear Sheldon didn't. 他太喜欢这只鸟,以至于在朋友提出写失物招领时,他非常怜悯的说:"Yes, we should write this paper. And on the paper we should say 'Is this your bird?----It's mine now.' "表情迅速变成霸道的恶魔样。哈哈。
所以,这是我个人总结出的能够把所学英语应用化的方法,娱乐且有效。