突如其来的疫情，打乱了2020年留学申请准备工作的节奏，病毒感染者的数字每天仍在递增，何时能控制疫情尚不明确。不过这个时候很多同学没有放弃学习，抓住弯道超车的机会，在家好好学习英语。今天为大家介绍一些有关新冠肺炎的相关表达，并且补充相应话题下的雅思阅读常见词汇。

　　一些近期新闻的高频词：

       coronavirus  冠状病毒

　　novel coronavirus 新型冠状病毒（注：novel    n.小说   adj. 新鲜的；新颖的）

　　respiratory diseases 呼吸道疾病

　　coronavirus outbreak  冠状病毒爆发

　　isolation 隔离（被感染后的隔离）

　　quarantine 隔离（症状不确定的隔离）

　　droplets飞沫

　　mask 口罩

　　respirator 呼吸器

　　surgical mask 医用口罩

　　in lockdown 封城

　　例句：And so this southern port city is truly in lockdown.

　　现在这座南部的港口城市确实已经进入高度戒备状态。

　　以上这些词汇可以试着在口语交流中使用一下，让话题更加贴近当下。

　　除此之外，还有一些阅读中常见的疾病话题类的词汇，这里为同学们做一个小小的汇总。

　　阅读中常见的疾病话题类的词汇

　　9-1-1   William Henry Perkin

　　Although Perkin's fame was achieved and fortune assured by his first discovery, the chemist continued his research. Among other dyes he developed and introduced were aniline red (1859) and aniline black (1863) and, in the late 1860s, Perkin's green. It is important to note that Perkin's synthetic dye discoveries had outcomes far beyond the merely decorative. The dyes also became vital to medical research医学研究 in many ways. For instance, they were used to stain previously invisible microbes微生物 and bacteria细菌, allowing researchers to identify such bacilli杆菌 astuberculosis糖尿病, cholera霍乱, and anthrax炭疽. Artificial dyes continue to play a crucial role today. And, in what would have been particularly pleasing toper kin, their current use is in the search for a vaccine疫苗 against malaria疟疾.

　　bacteria, germ, virus, bug, microbe

　　这组词都有“致病的微生物”的意思，其区别是：

　　bacteria (系bacterium的复数形式)，泛指任何在动植物体中广泛传播的微生物细菌，其中有的对生命体无害，有的能导致传染病或严重疾病，如天花、霍乱等。

　　germ微生物的俗称，专指引起人体生命的病菌。

　　virus技术用语，特指病毒或过滤性病原体。

　　bug非正式用词，指细菌或由病毒所引起的传染病。

　　microbe本义指在显微镜下才能见到的微生物，现在多指引起疾病的细菌。

　　9-1-1   William Henry Perkin

　　The missing factors, Macfarlane proposes, are to be found in every kitchen cupboard - tea and beer, two of the nations favourite drinks fuelled the revolution. The antiseptic抗菌的；防腐的 properties of tannin, the active ingredient in tea and of hops in beer - plus the fact both are made with boiled water - allowed urban communities to flourish at close quarters without succumbing to waterborne diseases水生疾病 such as dysentery痢疾.

　　antiseptic agent防腐剂

　　12-7-2  the intersection of health sciences and geography

　　C In some countries, geographical factors influence the health and well-being of the population in very obvious ways. In many large cities, the wind is not strong enough to clear the air of the massive amounts of smog and pollution that cause asthma哮喘, lung problems肺部问题, eyesight issues视力问题 and more in the people who live there. Part of the problem is, of course, the massive number of cars being driven, in addition to factories that run on coal power. The rapid industrialization of some countries in recent years has also led to the cutting down of forests to allow for the expansion of big cities, which makes it even harder to fight the pollution with the fresh air that is produced by plants.

　　D It is in situations like these that the field of health geography comes into its own. It is an increasingly important area of study in a world where diseases like polio小儿麻痹症 are re-emerging, respiratory diseases呼吸道疾病 continue to spread, and malaria-prone areas are still fighting to find a better cure.

　　14-3-2  saving bugs to find new drugs

　　E From the tiny proportion of insects that have been investigated, several promising compounds have been identified. For example, alloferon, an antimicrobial抗微生物的 compound化合物 produced by blow fly larvae幼虫, is used as an antiviral抗病毒的 and antitumor抗肿瘤的 agent in South Korea and Russia. The larvae of a few other insect species are being investigated for the potent antimicrobial compounds they produce. Meanwhile, a compound from the venom of the wasp Polybia paulista has potential in cancer癌症 treatment.

　　malignant tumor恶性肿瘤

　　benign tumor良性肿瘤

　　tumor cell肿瘤细胞

　　对于学科词汇，大家眼熟就好，有时不需要拼写，但是雅思阅读的老朋友malaria, tumor, vaacine 这些出场频率较高的单词，大家还是尽量熟知。今天为大家介绍这么多词汇，看完文章的同学可以回忆一下大概记住了多少？

　　学习一门外语的道路漫漫，大家从每一个细小处入手，勤积累多复习，一定可以变身一个词汇达人！