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今天新航道雅思频道小编为大家整理了磨刀不误砍柴工——雅思写作“评分标准”之我见,供大家参考,以下是详细内容:
写作作为语言的一种输出能力,是能让考官在最短时间内判断出考生是否具备英语语言应用的能力。在雅思的听,说,读,写四项中,写作显然为中国考生软肋的环节。考生若不了解写作的标准,也就没把握写出考官期待看到的文章的特征——结构清晰、逻辑性强、语法基础扎实。作为写作老师,为了帮助考生能对写作标准有深入透彻的了解,在此将针对雅思写作Task2的评分标准给出备考建议,帮助考生做到胸有成竹。
1. Task2之Task Response:
任务完成情况主要包括三个方面:内容(content)是否切题,立场(position)是否鲜明并得到有效阐释,结构(structure)是否有逻辑性。内容做到切题,关键在于审题时要找准题目的主题(topic)以及针对该主题所提出的问题(topic questions)。譬如:
With the increasing use of mobile phones, less people tend to write letters. Some people believe that writing letters will disappear completely. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
从这个题目当中我们不难看出writing letters出现的频率较高,且都在主句中出现,说明它就是我们要找的主题,如果你过多描述mobile phones给我们带来的好处就跑题了。另外,题目的写作任务也很清楚:Do you agree that writing letters will disappear completely? 属于“支持或反对”类的题,必须明确表达你的立场,不能既同意又不同意,同时表达你同意或不同意的理由。
2. Task2之Coherence and Cohesion:
第二项评分标准是Coherence and Cohesion,它具体包括两个部分:
1) how well the information and ideas are organized and presented, including paragraphing
2) how well the information is linked
语言的衔接包括两个方面:一个是句子和句子的衔接,另外一个是段和段的衔接。前者连接方法有使用代词,重复关键词,排比句,同意转述和连接词。句子之间的逻辑关系也要通过一些逻辑连词来完成,譬如:
表示原因:because (of ), accordingly, due to, owing to, for this reason, since, as a result, as a consequence等。
表达观点:in my opinion, personally, from my viewpoint, it seems to me, it is clear to me that, as far as I am concerned
举例说明:for example, for instance, as follows, such as, that is to say, namely, just as, in particular等。
表示让步:although, in spite of, despite of, despite the fact that, regardless of等。
后者分为三种不同逻辑关系:并列,递进和转折。段落之间的“启”、“承”、“转”、“合”可通过表顺序的过渡词完成,譬如:
表示开始:first of all, in the first place, at the very beginning, to begin with, currently, at present, for one thing等。
表示承接:besides, further more, in addition, moreover, what’s more, meanwhile, apart from, as well as, similarly, in the same way等。
表示转折:however, whereas, while, on the contrary, in contrast, on the other hand等。
表示结论:in conclusion, in brief, in short, to sum up, ultimately, overall等。
3. Task2之Lexical resource:
第三项评分标准是Lexical Resource,它具体包括三个部分:
1) the range of vocabulary used
2) how accurately it is used
3) how appropriate it is for the task
要要能够灵活地使用大量词汇并能够传递准确信息的能力。词汇量大时硬性指标,但并不意味着要去拽那些生僻拼写又长的单词,关键在于用词的性以及同义词的多种表达。第二点就是要有意识的使用一些词汇和搭配,考生想做到这点我想扩大阅读量去见多识广的积累是必不可少的。
4. Task2 之 Grammatical range and Accuracy:
第四项评分标准是Grammatical Range and Accuracy :
1) the range of structures used
2) how accurately they are used
3) how appropriate they are for the task
考官的语言功底深厚,250字尽显语言的风采。句子结构的准确性涉及主谓一致、句子平衡性等问题,比如:“The main reason for this use of informal languages are various and complicated.” 这个句子不细心的同学很难发现它有问题,因为主语太长有时会忽视真正的主语其实是the main reason,是个单数形式,所以are 应该改为is. 再比如:In my opinion, use mobile phones to send messages is more convenient than write letters. 这是个很典型的错误,很多同学在写作的过程当中会误把动词或动词短语当主语用而造成句子结构的错误,而只有动词的非谓语形式才能在句中充当主语或宾语,因此,此句正确的表达应该是:In my opinion, using mobile phones to send messages is more convenient than writing letters. 句式多变化,具体如下: 否定词句首要倒装, only+状语或状语从句主句倒装,独立主格,强调句,同位语从句,虚拟语气。
经过对Task2写作标准简单分析后,说到底还是要求考生把各项基础打扎实,听说读写没有任何一个环节是独立的,是相辅相成互相依靠互相提高的,所以功夫在平时,侥幸心里要不得,只有多积累才是王道。还是与学员们分享一句常在课堂上分享的话来结尾:Language is a tool, but the tool can take you further.
以上就是新航道雅思频道为大家整理的磨刀不误砍柴工——雅思写作“评分标准”之我见,希望对大家有帮助,更多资讯、资料请访问新航道雅思频道 http://www.xhd.cn/ielts/