1.the table shows the changes in the number of...over the period from...to... 

该表格描述了在...年之...年间...数量的变化。 

2.the bar chart illustrates that... 

该柱状图展示了... 

3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding... 

该图为我们提供了有关...有趣数据。 

4.the diagram shows (that)... 

该图向我们展示了... 

5.the pie graph depicts (that).... 

该圆形图揭示了... 

6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of... 

这个曲线图描述了...的趋势。 

7.the figures/statistics show (that)... 

数据（字）表明... 

8.the tree diagram reveals how... 

该树型图向我们揭示了如何... 

9.the data/statistics show (that)... 

该数据（字）可以这样理解... 

10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that... 

这些数据资料令我们得出结论... 

11.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table... 

如图所示... 

12.according to the chart/figures... 

根据这些表（数字）... 

13.as is shown in the table... 

如表格所示... 

14.as can be seen from the diagram,great changes have taken place in... 

从图中可以看出，...发生了巨大变化。 

15.from the table/chart/diagram/figure,we can see clearly that...or it is clear/apparent from the chart that... 

从图表我们可以很清楚（明显）看到... 

16.this is a graph which illustrates... 

这个图表向我们展示了... 

17.this table shows the changing proportion of a & b from...to... 

该表格描述了...年到...年间a与b的比例关系。 

18.the graph,presented in a pie chart, shows the general trend in... 

该图以圆形图形式描述了...总的趋势。 

19.this is a column chart showing... 

这是个柱型图，描述了... 

20.as can be seen from the graph,the two curves show the flutuation of... 

如图所示，两条曲线描述了...的波动情况。 

21.over the period from...to...the...remained level. 

在...至...期间，...基本不变。 

22.in the year between...and... 

在...年到...期间... 

23.in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 1998... 

1995年至1998三年里... 

24.from then on/from this time onwards... 

从那时起... 

25.the number of...remained steady/stable from (month/year) to (month/year). 

...月(年)至...月（年)...的数量基本不变。 

26.the number sharply went up to... 

数字急剧上升至... 

27.the percentage of...stayed the same between...and... 

...至...期间...的比率维持不变。 

28.the figures peaked at...in(month/year) 

...的数目在...月（年）达到顶点，为... 

29.the percentage remained steady at... 

比率维持在... 

30.the percentage of...is sightly larger/smaller than that of... 

...的比例比...的比例略高（低）。 

31.there is not a great deal of difference between...and... 

...与...的区别不大。 

32.the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of... 

该图表表明...的数目增长了三倍。 

33....decreased year by year while...increased steadily. 

...逐年减少，而...逐步上升。 

34.the situation reached a peak(a high point at) of[%]. 

...的情况（局势）到达顶（高）点，为...百分点。 

35.the figures/situation bottomed out in... 

数字（情况）在...达到底部。 

36.the figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough. 

数字（情况）达到底部（低谷）。 

37.a is ...times as much/many as b. 

a是b的...倍。 

38.a increased by... 

a增长了... 

39.a increased to... 

a增长到... 

40.high/low/great/small/ percentage. 

比低高（低） 

41.there is an upward trend in the number of... 

...数字呈上升趋势。 

42.a considerable increase/decrease occurred from...to... 

...到...发生急剧上升。 

43.from...to...the rate of decrease slow down. 

从...到...，下降速率减慢。 

44.from this year on，there was a gradual declinel reduction in the...,reaching a figure of... 

从这年起，...逐渐下降至... 

45.be similar to... 

与...相似 

46.be the same as... 

与...相同 

47.there are a lot similarities/differences between...and... 

...与...之间有许多相似（不同）之处 

48.a has something in common with b 

a于b有共同之处。 

49.the difference between a and b lies in... 

a与b之间的差别在于... 

50...(year)witnessed/saw a sharp rise in... 

...年...急剧上升。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

第二部分：Task1 写作常识 

一、图形种类及概述法：

 

泛指一份数据图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table 

饼图：pie chart 

直方图或柱形图：bar chart / histogram 

趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagram 

表格图：table 

流程图或过程图：flow chart / sequence diagram 

程序图：processing/procedures diagram

 

以下是一些较常用的描述用法 

The table/chart diagram/graph shows (that) 

According to the table/chart diagram/graph 

As (is) shown in the table/chart diagram/graph 

As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures, 

figures/statistics shows (that)... 

It can be seen from the figures/statistics 

We can see from the figures/statistics 

It is clear from the figures/statistics 

It is apparent from the figures/statistics 

table/chart/diagram/graph figures (that) ... 

table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how 

......

 

阅卷考官经常是不会看那些图表的，因此文章必须逻辑清晰，如果描述得能令人在脑海里勾画出那个data chart，这篇task1无疑会达到8分的水平。开篇的句话可以是一句高度概括性的introduction（当然开门见山直接描述也是一种写法）；这样做不仅使文章更趋于完美，而且可以达到凑字数的目的（但不要照抄题目，除非时间相当紧迫）。接下来另起一段开始进行描述（根据实际情况1-2段），这当中经常要连续使用非限定性定于从句，从而使得描述过程流畅、清晰。也可再另起一段进行简短的综述（并非必须）。上述的任何一个步骤都要遵循依据现有data进行客观描述的原则，任何推测性或议论性的内容写得再多、再精彩不仅不会加分，而且还会成为扣分的因素。

 

 

二、data的具体表达法

 

data在某一个时间段固定不变：fixed in time 

在一系列的时间段中转变：changes over time 

持续变化的data在不同情况下: 

增加：increase / raise / rise / go up ... 

减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall ... 

波动：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave ... 

稳定：remain stable / stabilize / level off ...

 

最常用的两种表达法： 

动词 + 副词形式（Verb+Adverb form） 

形容词 + 名词形式（Adjective+Noun form） 

　　 

1. Verb+Adverb form 

The number of XXX 

+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuate... 

+insignificantly/significantly/slightly/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/sharply/steeply/steadily/gradually/slowly... 

+from (时间) to (第二时间) / between (时间) and (第二时间)

 

2. Adjective+Noun form 

There was a (very) sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant/sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slight 

+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuation （注意：上述很多词不可用于修饰fluctuation） 

+in the number of XXX from (时间) to (第二时间) / between (时间) and (第二时间)

 

 

描述稳定的data： 

The number of XXX remained steady/stable from (时间) to (第二时间) / between (时间) and (第二时间) 

The number of XXX stayed the same from (时间) to (第二时间) / between (时间) and (第二时间) 

There was little change / hardly any change / no change in the number of XXX from from (时间) to (第二时间) / between (时间) and (第二时间)

 

描述不同状态的data 

Noun form: 

steady drop / sharp rise peak / dramatic fall / sharp drop 

Verbal form: 

(to) bottom out / (to) reach the bottom / (to) increase gradually / (to) reach a plateau / (to) remain steady

 

描述the highest point以及the lowest point 

高点极值： 

The monthly profit / The figures / The situation ... 

+peaked in (月份/年) <准确时间点用at XXX> at XXX% / XXX(极点data) 

或者reached a peak / a high point at XXX% / XXX(极点data) 

低点极值： 

XXX bottomed out / reached 

+rock / the bottom / a low point 

或者hit a trough

 

此外，在描述过程中还有很多的conjunctional words/sentences，最常用的固定搭配如下： 

并列： as well as(句首/中), also, as well(句尾), either, neither, too, moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally, besides, what's more, apart from ... 

举例： for example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, in particular, particularly, especially 

事实： as a matter of fact, in fact, actually, as long as, so long as ... 

雷同/近似：similarly, likewise(句首/尾), at the same time, equally ... 

转折： however, whereas, nevertheless, nonetheless, though, although, even though, while, yet, on the contrary, contrarily, in contrast, conversely, on the other hand, unlikely, in stead (of), in spite of, despite of ...

 

原因与结果 

1. cause-suggestion (几乎不常用) 

since / now that ...; I hope that... 

because of/on account of/owing to/thanks to + (doing) sth, I hope that... 

2. cause-effect (较常用) 

XXX lead to / bring about / result in/ account for ... 

(一个句子), therefore / thus / hence / as a result / consequently / (and) so ... 

3. effect-cause (较常用) 

XXX be caused by / result from / be the result of / be the effect of / be the consequence of ... 

(一个句子), because ... 

it is adj. that ... 

it is unimaginable that ... 

it is undeniable that ... 

it is interesting to discover that ...

 

 

三、其它相关常用词（组）

 

1. 主章开头 

图表类型：table; chart; diagram; graph; column chart; pie graph 

描述：show; describe; illustrate; can be seen from; clear; apparent; reveal; represent 

内容：figure; statistic; number; percentage; proportion 

2. 表示数据 

一般：have 10%; at 10%; over 10% 

（低）点：peaked; reached a peak / high point 

bottomed out; reached the bottom 

变化：recover 略有回升； increase; jump; rise/rose; climb 

decrease; fall/fell; drop; decline; reduce 

fluctuate 浮动，摇摆不定 

remained steady/stable; stay the same; little/hardly any /no change 

变化程度：sudden/suddenly 突然的，意外的 

rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飞快的，险峻的 

dramatic/dramatically 戏剧性的，生动的 

significant/significantly 有意义的，重大的，重要的 

sharp/sharply 锐利的，明显的，急剧的 

steep/steeply 急剧升降的 

steady/steadily 稳固的，坚定不移的 

gradual/gradually 渐进的，逐渐的 

slow/slowly 缓慢的，不活跃的 

slight/slightly轻微的、略微地 

stable/stably 稳定的 

表示范围：from XXX to XXX; between XXX and XXX; for XXX to XXX多长时间直到 

表示程度：almost adv. 几乎，差不多 

nearly adv. 几乎，密切地 

approximately adv. 近似的，大约 

about adv. 附近， 大约，转向，左右，周围 

just over 刚超过 

over adv. 结束，越过，从头到尾 

exactly adv. 正确地，严密地 

precisely adv. 正好 精确地；清晰地 

比例：20 per cent 20% 

one in three 1/3 

one out of every four 1/4 

3. 其它在描述中的常用到的词 

significant changes 图中一些较大变化 

noticeable trend 明显趋势 

during the same period 在同一时期 

grow/grew 增长 

distribute 分布，区别 

unequally 不相等地 

pronounced 明显的 

average 平均 

no doubt 无疑地 

corresponding adj. 相应的，通讯的 

represent vt. 阐述，表现 

overall 总体上讲 

except 除外 

in the case of adv. 在...的情况下 

in terms of / in respect of / regarding 在...方面 

in contrast 相反，大不相同 

in conclusion adv. ，总之 

in comparison 相比之下 

inversely adv. 相反地，倒转地 

in general 通常，大体上，一般而言 

range from 

excessive adj. 过多的，过分的，额外 

lower v.降低，跌落 

elapse vi.（时间）过去，消逝 

category n.种类 

government policy 政府政策 

market forces 市场规率 

measure n. 尺寸，方法，措施 v.估量，调节 

forecast n. 先见，预见 v. 预测